The Museum was organized by the outstanding representatives of Russian science and culture: P.A. Florensky, Yu. A. Olsufyev, A.N. Svirin, T.N. Alexandrova-Dolnik, P.N. Kapterev, I.E. Bondarenko, N.M. Shchekotov, P.P. Muratov, etc. They formed the solid foundation for the scientific research.

The registration of the collection was based on their investigations. The descriptions, catalogues, exhibition surveys, articles, reports, investigation, guidebooks, published in the 1920s with circulation from 100 to 500 copies, are bibliographic rarities, preserving their scientific significance. The thorough examination of the architectural monuments of the Trinity-St. Sergius Lavra permitted to begin restoration

Subsequently, the scientific research was supervised by the Scientific Council, established in 1939. At different periods its members were famous scientists: A.V. Artsikhovsky, I.E. Grabar, S.V. Bakhrushin, T.V. Nikolayeva, M.A. Ilyin, G.I. Vzdornov, M.A. Nekrasova, E. S. Smirnova, O.A. Belobrova, N.A. Mayasova, etc.

Great contribution to the investigations was made by the scholars of the 1940s – 1950s: Yu.A. Lebedeva, N.A. Mayasova, T.V. Nikolayeva, I.I. Bureichenko, O.A. Belobrova, O.N. Esipova, O.V. Kruglova, L.E. Kalmykova, T.N. Kedrova, E.N. Klitina, L.N. Boikova.